Is it acceptable to have typos in published writing as long as they do not affect the meaning or clarity of the text?

Iiiiit….depends.

Any book, even a book published by one of the big publishing houses, will likely have some unintentional typos slip through proofreading. I have a habit of highlighting typos I find in professionally published books (yes, I know), and the average seems to be about 2–3 per 120,000 words.

But I don’t think that’s what you’re talking about.

I think (please feel free to correct me if I’m wrong) what you mean is, can you deliberately misspell words in a published work?

And the answer to that is yes…

…if it serves the story.

In the Iain M. Banks novel Feersum Endginn, one of the POV characters is intelligent but illiterate. His POV chapters are all spelled phonetically. Hard reading, sure, but it’s an effective tool to help the reader understand the character.

However, if you are asking this question, you are not Iain Banks. In fact, even if you aren’t asking this question, you still aren’t Iain Banks; I believe without hyperbole he was one of the greatest writers in the English language to come out of the second half of the 20th century. Meaning no offense, but that’s probably not you.

I would encourage you, therefore, to focus on correct spelling and grammar, until you reach the point you are one of the best writers in the English language before you go off exploring the world of non-standard literary constructions.