Help. I've been dreaming of writing this sci-fi novel/novel series, but I have no idea how the world works e.g companies, laws, jobs, laws, lawyers, organizations, etc. How am I going to write the world in 2047 and adult characters?

You may not like the answer to this question. You have to figure out how the world works in 2047 for yourself. Most people base their world system on one that has existed in the past that is little known, a model of an existing system pushed to a particular limit or, one of that people attempted to use without success in the past. After all, there's nothing new under the sun.